ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Research Article | Open Access

Nagaraja Suryadevara1 , Yoke Ing Kwan1, Gnanendra Shanmugam2, Ponmurugan P.3, Balavinayagamani Ganapathy1, Sridevi Subramonie1 and Venkatasathya Sai Appala Raju Velaga4

1Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Selangor, Malaysia.
2Department of Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, 38541, Korea.
3Biomedical Research Lab, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore – 641 046, Tamil Nadu, India.
4Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Malaysia.
J. Pure Appl. Microbiol., 2019, 13 (4): 2141-2150 | Article Number: 5858
https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.13.4.26 | © The Author(s). 2019
Received: 19/09/2019 | Accepted: 30/10/2019 | Published: 09/12/2019
Abstract

Malaysia Klang River covering states of Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, has been severely polluted from urbanization, industrialization and increased hospitals. By serving as reservoir for bacterial gene transformation, Multidrug Resistant (MDR) strains especially Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) have increased. To identify MDR K.pneumoniae; phenotypically determine ESBL resistant traits and molecular characterize these strains, 50 water samples were collected along Klang River and their physicochemical properties were determined. Gram-negative K. pneumoniae isolates were tested for multidrug and ESBL resistance using Kirby-Bauer method. DNA of ESBL resistant K. pneumoniae were extracted and amplified using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR); and conferred using blaTEM and blaCTX-M genes. Through b-lactamase gene sequencing and docking studies, the effectiveness of drugs against ESBL resistant K.pneumoniae were determined. A total of 31 (62.0%) K.pneumoniae were isolated with 12 (38.7%) positive MDR strains and 5 (41.7%) ESBL resistant strains. Only 1 (20%) blaTEM gene and 4 (80%) blaCTX-M genes were detected with Ceftriaxone (CRO) as the most effective drug showing highest binding energy (-9.2Kcal/mol) against ESBL resistant K. pneumoniae. With high prevalence of CTX-M-type ESBL resistant K.pneumoniae in Klang River, effective environmental and antibiotic controls should be adopted.

Keywords

K. pneumoniae, MDR, ESBL, blaTEM, blaCTX-M.

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© The Author(s) 2019. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.