The field of MFC technology has endured immense development during the past couple of decades. During this period, electrically connected microbial communities (e – communities) were studied extensively which helps the scientists in designing better versions of MFCs. Mixed bacterial culture and sometimes pure culture is widely used as an efficient exoelectrogens for the successful operation of MFCs. As the literature review, many microorganisms belong to firmicutes and actinobacteria phyla and all classes of proteobacteria, archaea are widely used in MFCs for power generation. In addition mixed bacterial culture from anaerobic sludge, industrial wastes etc are also used for enhanced power generation in MFC. In the present paper, we review the prominent exoelectrogens used in MFCs operation an innovation towards bioelectricity generation. Understanding the role and mechanism of electron transfer broaden the exploration of microbes towards waste treatment and simultaneous electricity using MFC technology in various sectors generation. Synergistic and interspecies interaction also helps a lot to improve the current generation in MFC. Recently, many researchers are tried genetic engineering of particular organism and results in enhanced production and accumulation of flavin molecules and thus improved the electricity generation compared to wild type. In the light of specific characters of microorganism, the ecological knowledge of microbial resources is essential for extending the foundation and future developments in MFC. Understanding of bioelectricity production by various exoelectrogens and its changes over time in the MFC opens up a new world to combat excess energy consumption in future.