ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Zuvairea Nazren Mohd Sirajudin1, Qamar Uddin Ahmed2 , Ahmed Jalal Khan Chowdhury1, El Zawane Kamarudin1, Abdul Viqar Khan3, ABM Helal Uddin2 and Najiah Musa4
1Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
2Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), 25200 Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia.
3Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University (AMU),
Aligarh-202002, State of Uttar Pradesh, India.
4School of Fisheries and Aquaculture Sciences, University Malaysia Terengganu (UMT),
Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia.
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2014;8(5):3627-3639
© The Author(s). 2014
Received: 23/04/2014 | Accepted: 26/06/2014 | Published: 31/10/2014
Abstract

Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) peels are usually considered as wastes and are discarded during the processing, which eventually contribute to polluting the environment. Hence, this study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of two different varieties of M. paradisiaca peels, i.e., Nangka (M. paradisiaca variety Nangka) and Tanduk (M. paradisiaca variety Tanduk) with regard to generate safe and cheap antimicrobials as well as address pollution related issues due to such wastes. Antimicrobial study was carried out on the extracts using disc diffusion and broth micro-dilution methods. The best activity through disc diffusion method for bacteria and fungi was demonstrated by Tanduk peel’s ethanol and dichloromethane extracts against S. aureus (30 mm) and C. krusei (10 mm), respectively. However, the least active bacteria and fungi were found to be V. parahaemolyticus and C. albicans, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 6.25 to 100 mg/mL. Tanduk peel’s ethanol extract exhibited the lowest MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values against B. cepacia (6.25 mg/mL) whereas for fungi, Tanduk peel’s dichloromethane extract exhibited lowest MIC and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values against C. albicans (25 mg/mL). The results of MBC or MFC showed that some extracts were bactericidal or fungicidal while others were bacteriostatic or fungistatic against certain microbes. Banana peel waste’s extracts could be potential antimicrobial alternatives and may be effective to utilize as a natural source of antimicrobial agent in pharmaceutical industries.

Keywords

Musa paradisiaca L., Nangka, Tanduk, Antimicrobial activity, MIC, MBC, MFC

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© The Author(s) 2014. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.