ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Review Article | Open Access
Awadh Alanazi1 , Sonia Younas2, Hasan Ejaz1, Bi Bi Zainab Mazhari3 , Khalid Abosalif1, Abualgasim Elgaili Abdalla1, Muharib Alruwaili1, Muhammad Atif1 and Kashaf Junaid4
1Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia.
2HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
3Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Qurayyat 75911, Saudi Arabia.
4School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
Article Number: 9671 | © The Author(s). 2024
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2024;18(3):1413-1423. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.18.3.61
Received: 26 June 2024 | Accepted: 20 August 2024 | Published online: 31 August 2024
Issue online: September 2024
Abstract

The human microbiome is a complex ecosystem of bacteria residing in the body. It plays a crucial role in safeguarding the overall well-being of individuals while also making them more vulnerable to various diseases. The human microbiota, genetics, and health have a complex connection, which is significant for maintaining health and preventing infections. The microbiome has a role in several gastrointestinal, skin, dental, and systemic diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, and autoimmune disorders. Genetic variation and lifestyle and dietary choices modify the microbiome composition, thereby influencing the risk of developing severe infections. The microbiome impacts host gene expression and acts as a biomarker for several diseases. The gut microbiome and genes are linked in the pathogenesis of obesity and inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, this review focuses on the relationship between the microbiome and genetics and elucidation of the complexity of this connection. Future research-based microbiome interventions to prevent diseases could lead to strategies for personalized medicine that enhance treatment efficacy and health outcomes.

Keywords

Host-microbiome Interaction, Microbiome Variations, Host Genetic Background, Microbiota Adaptation, Healthy Bacteria, Factors Influencing Microbiome

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© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.