ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Review Article | Open Access
Kannan Raman1, Kalirajan Rajagopal1 , Gomathi Swaminathan1, Srikanth Jupudi1, Kuldeep Dhama2, Rashu Barua3, Talha Bin Emran4,5 , Hamid Osman6 and Mayeen Uddin Khandaker7
1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, (JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research), Ooty, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India.
2Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
3Foundations of Medicine, Diabetes and Obesity Research Center, New York University Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, 101 Mineola Blvd, Mineola, New York 11501, USA.
4Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh.
5Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.
6Department of Radiological Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, 21944 Taif, Saudi Arabia.
7Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia.
Article Number: 8591 | © The Author(s). 2023
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2023;17(3):1320-1340. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.17.3.38
Received: 29 March 2023 | Accepted: 10 July 2023 | Published online: 02 September 2023
Issue online: September 2023
Abstract

Natural products and their derivatives have traditionally been used as a source of therapeutic agents. Their beneficial properties are due to large varieties in their chemical structures and biochemical actions. The discovery of natural products such as phytoconstituents have crucial role in the development of less toxic and more effective drugs. Phytoconstituents have shown to be beneficial in treating viral diseases such as the previous chikungunya virus, hepatitis C virus, SARS, and MERS viral diseases. Flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, and other group of compounds combat against COVID-19 in several ways like by protease inhibition, spike protein inhibition, Nrf2 inhibition. The accumulation of NRF2 inhibits the development of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and stimulates anti-inflammatory action. The present review highlights the therapeutic importance of compounds isolated from medicinal plants and/or herbs, such as crude extracts of Curcumin I-III, Leptodactylone, Ginsenoside-Rb1, Lycorine, Reserpine, Saikosaponin B2, Cepharanthine, Withanoside V, Gingerol, Piperanine, chromans, flavonoids, Amentoflavone etc. against SARS-CoV-2. Natural products are typically safe, stable, and dependable source for finding drugs to control the current pandemic. Antiviral secondary metabolites many medicinal plants have given ingredients that were isolated. The selected plants based phytoconstituents may potentially be used against viruses’ development on anti-SARS-CoV-2 to offer a reference point in this field.

Keywords

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Natural Products, Alkaloids, Flavonoids, Target Proteins, Pharmacological Activity

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© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.