ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Research Article | Open Access
Mardhia Mardhia1 , Andi Yasmon2, Junita Indarti3 and Lisnawati Rachmadi4
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak 78124, Indonesia.
2Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta 10320, Indonesia.
3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia,  Cipto Mangunkusomo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
4Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusomo Hospital, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia.
Article Number: 8609 | © The Author(s). 2023
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2023;17(3):1691-1699. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.17.3.33
Received: 07 April 2023 | Accepted: 01 August 2023 | Published online: 01 September 2023
Issue online: September 2023
Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) can be transmitted sexually and causes cervical malignancies in women. Among the risk factors, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by bacteria have raised concerns because they are asymptomatic and persistent and can increase the risk of HPV infection. This study assessed the correlation among Ureaplasma urealyticum, Ureaplasma parvum, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Mycoplasma hominis infections towards abnormal cervical cells positive for HPV. Seventy outpatients at the Colposcopy Outpatient Clinic, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Viruses and bacteria were detected using polymerase chain reaction and compared with liquid-based cytology results for cervical cytology. Of the 70 patients, 24 (34.28%) showed abnormal cervical cytology. Among those with abnormal cervical cytology, C.trachomatis was reported in 1 patient (4.2%), M.hominis in 6 patients (25%), U.urealyticum in 13 patients (54.2%), and U.parvum in 10 patients (41.7%). Statistical analysis demonstrated an association between U.urealyticum and U.parvum infections and HPV infection (U.urealyticum p = 0.012; U.parvum p = 0.022). U.urealyticum and U.parvum were more prevalent than C.trachomatis and M.hominis in HPV-positive women, suggesting their role in HPV infection.

Keywords

Cervical Cytology, Cervical Malignancy, Ureaplasma Urealyticum, Ureaplasma Parvum, Chlamydia Trachomatis, Mycoplasma Hominis

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© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.