ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Research Article | Open Access
Parvinder Kaur1 , Tanweer Alam2, Harinder Singh3, Jyoti Jain4, Gayatri Singh5 and A.A. Broadway1
1Warner College of Dairy Technology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
2Indian Institute of Packaging, Delhi, India.
3Department of Chemical Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology Allahabad, Prayagraj, India.
4Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India.
5Department of Industrial Microbiology, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Article Number: 8004 | © The Author(s). 2023
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2023;17(1):241-257. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.17.1.14
Received: 03 August 2022 | Accepted: 08 December 2022 | Published online: 03 February 2023
Issue online: March 2023
Abstract

A novel organic acid-modified starch and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) based films plasticized with glycerol were prepared from unconventional tikhur starch (Curcuma angustifolia) by solution casting. Wet milling was used in the laboratory to extract starch from the tikhur rhizome. Carboxymethyl cellulose, at a concentration of (0.2 g−1 starch dry basis) was blended with the starch to improve its film-forming properties. Three different treatments with varying organic acids (lactic, citric, and acetic acid) with a concentration of 5% w/w of starch (2 ppm) in a film-forming solution were given. The effect of organic acid incorporation on the antibacterial, morphological, structural, thermal, and crystalline properties of developed films was studied. The minimum inhibitory concentration values of the three organic acids against gram-negative (E. coli) and gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria were measured using the tube dilution method. The MIC results revealed that lactic acid and citric acid are effective against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, while acetic acid showed more effectiveness against gram-negative bacteria (E. coli). MBC results revealed that organic acids have potent bactericidal activity. Citric acid resulted in higher inhibition for gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus) compared to gram-negative bacteria (E. coli.). While acetic acid showed higher inhibition for E. coli. than S. aureus. Lactic acid displayed similar inhibition against both S. aureus and E. coli. Among different organic acids, lactic acid incorporation resulted in a more homogeneous, transparent, and thermally stable film. As evidenced by the micrographs, the lactic acid incorporation resulted in a compact film structure without any visible cracks. While X-ray diffraction showed an increase in crystalline properties due to organic acid modification. In this study, it was indicated that modification with organic acids (polycarboxylic acids) effectively improved the overall properties of developed films depending on the type of organic acid used. The developed films have the potential to replace harmful synthetic films in food packaging.

Keywords

Curcuma angustifolia, Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC), Lactic Acid, Citric Acid, Acetic Acid, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)

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© The Author(s) 2023. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.