ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Research Article | Open Access
Ziab Z. Al-ahmadey1 , Ahmed M. Aljohani1, Sultan S. Al-ahmadi2, Abdulmohsen Alruwetei3 and Raed A. Alharbi4
1Department of Laboratory, Ohud Hospital, Ministry of Health, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
2Department of Family Medicine, Ohud Hospital, Ministry of Health, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
3Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, Saudi Arabia.
4Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Albaha University, Albaha, Saudi Arabia.
Article Number: 7782 | © The Author(s). 2022
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2022;16(3):1673-1681. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.16.3.06
Received: 22 April 2022 | Accepted: 04 June 2022 | Published online: 07 July 2022
Issue online: September 2022
Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). To assess the effect of COVID-19 disease on hematology, coagulation profiles, renal and liver function over the course of the disease, the following laboratory tests were performed: WBCs per mm3, lymphocytes count, Platelet, D-dimmer, AST, Albumin, LDH, Ferritin, CRP, blood culture and viral loads. Patients were grouped according to their initial viral load (Group1: low viral load (L), Group 2: moderate viral load (I), and Group 3, high viral load (H)). The study population median age of the patients was 58 years, and 69% were male. Generally, all patients were admitted to the intensive care unit. Most of the patients (79.5%) had an intermediate viral load, 14.5% had a high viral load, and 5.7% had a low viral load. The Kusakal-Walli’s test revealed a significant difference in the levels of white blood cells, lymphocytes, platelet, D-dimer, AST, CRP, and ferritin (p <0.0001). One hundred twenty-two isolates were recovered from 5362 blood cultures; where as 75% were multiple resistant to three classes of antibiotics and more. True bacteremia was most commonly caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (45%), Acinetobacter baumannii (30%), and C. albicans (7%). The potential risk factors of advanced age, lymphopenia, D-dimer concentrations greater than 2µg/mL, and ferritin concentrations greater than 400ng/mL may assist clinicians to improve the management of the case and reduce mortality.

Keywords

COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Viral Load

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