ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Mini Review | Open Access
Ranjit Sah1 , Nayanum Pokhrel2, Zareena Fathah3, Akihiko Ozaki4,5, Divya Bhandar5, Yasuhiro Kotera6, Niranjan Prasad Shah1, Shailendra Sigdel7, Kranti Suresh Vora8,9, Senthil Kumar Natesan8, Shailesh Kumar Patel10, Ruchi Tiwari11, Yashpal Singh Malik12, Mohd. Iqbal Yatoo13, Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales14,15 and Kuldeep Dhama10
1Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
2Kanti Children’s Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.
3Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK.
4Department of Breast Surgery, Jyoban Hospital of Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Japan.
5Medical Governance Research Institute, Minato-ku, Tokyo Japan.
6University of Derby, Derby, UK.
7Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesiology, Manmohan Cardiothoracic Vascular and Transplant Center, Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal.
8Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar, Lekawada, Gandhinagar – 382 042, Gujarat, India.
9Institute of Health Research, University of Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia.
10Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar – 243 122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India.
11Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura – 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India.
12Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly – 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India.
13Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Shuhama, Alusteng Srinagar, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar – 190 006, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
14Public Health and Infection Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Tecnologica de Pereira, Pereira, Colombia.
15Grupo de Investigacion Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundacion Universitaria Autonoma de las Americas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia.
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2020;14(3):1663-1674 | Article Number: 6580
https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.14.3.04 | © The Author(s). 2020
Received: 24/07/2020 | Accepted: 17/08/2020 | Published: 28/08/2020
Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus – 2 (SARS-CoV-2), an emerging novel coronavirus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, has now rapidly spread to more than 215 countries and has killed nearly 0.75 million people out of more than 20 million confirmed cases as of 10th August, 2020. Apart from affecting respiratory system, the virus has shown multiple manifestations with neurological affections and damaging kidneys. SARS-CoV-2 transmission mainly occurs through close contact of COVID-19 affected person, however air-borne route is also now considered as dominant route of virus spread. The virus has been implicated to have originated from animals. Apart from bats, pangolins and others being investigates to play role in transmitting SARS-CoV-2 as intermediate hosts, the recent reports of this virus infection in other animals (cats, dogs, tigers, lions, mink) suggest one health approach implementation along with adopting appropriate mitigation strategies. Researchers are pacing to develop effective vaccines and drugs, few reached to clinical trials also, however these may take time to reach the mass population, and so till then adopting appropriate prevention and control is the best option to avoid SARS-CoV-2 infection. This article presents an overview on this pandemic virus and the disease it causes, with few recent concepts and advances.

Keywords

SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, pandemic, prevention, control

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© The Author(s) 2020. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.