Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Uropathogens towards Nitrofurontoin and Nalidixic Acid: A Comparitive Study

S.Subathra Devi¹, Y.Lakshmi Sarayu¹ and V.Natarajan²

¹Department of Microbiology, Rajah Muthiah medical College, Chidamaram, Tamilnadu, India.
²Department of Microbiology, RMMCH, Annamalai University,
Chidambaram, Cuddalore District, Tamilnadu – 608001, India.

Abstract

The objective of the study is to assess the sensitivity pattern of commonly isolated uropathogens towards the drugs  Nitrofurontoin and Nalidixic acid. Widespread and irrational use of antibiotics has led to the development of highly resistant microorganisms. As the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the microorganisms are frequently changing, this study was performed to assess the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Nitrofurontoin and Nalidixic acid in urinary tract infections.This was a prospective, cross-sectional, observatory study conducted in the Department of Microbiology from January 2017 to July 2017 at RMMC, Chidambaram.300 culture positive urine samples were studied for the antibiotic susceptibility testing towards Nitrofurontoin and Nalidixic acid. The processing of the samples were done by standard microbiological methods. The antibiotic susceptibility was measured by disk diffusion test. CLSI guidelines were used for the antibiotic susceptibility evaluation[1]. Out of the 300 culture positive samples,the most common  pathogen isolated in this study  was E.coli(145),followed by Klebsiella(63),Staphylococcus aureus(35),Pseudomonas(36), Staphylococcus saprophyticus(10), Enterococcus(6), Sreptococcus(4), Proteus(1). The antibiotic susceptibility pattern for  Nitrofurontoin : E.coli  showed sensitivity (n=105) and resistance(40), Klebsiella showed sensitivity(47) and resistance(16),staphylococcus aureus showed sensitivity(30) and resistance (5), Pseudomonas showed sensitivity(12) and resistance(24),  Staphylococcus saprophyticus showed sensitivity(4) and resistance(2), Enterococcus showed sensitivity(5) and resistance (1), Streptococcus showed sensitivity (4)  and  resistance(0) and Proteus showed sensitivity (0) and resistance(1). The antibiotic susceptibility pattern for  Nalidixic acid: E.coli  showed sensitivity (n=23) and resistance(122), Klebsiella showed sensitivity(29) and resistance(43),staphylococcus aureus showed sensitivity(9) and resistance (30), Pseudomonas showed sensitivity(4) and resistance(32),  Staphylococcus saprophyticus showed sensitivity(2) and resistance(4), Enterococcus showed sensitivity(1) and resistance (5), Streptococcus showed sensitivity (0)  and  resistance(4) and Proteus showed sensitivity (0) and resistance(1). The study confirmed,E.coliis still the most common bacteria to cause UTI.  Sensitivity pattern of the antimicrobial was found to be more for Nitrofurantoin(68.33%) than Nalidixic acid in the treatment of UTI. Nitrofurantoin, showed  high susceptibility to urinary tract infection pathogens, which include most commonly isolated gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive cocci, which were resistant to other  antibiotic groups. Thus, nitrofurantoin seemed to be a promising drug for UTI[2].

Keywords: E. coli,Enterococcus spp, Pseudomonas spp,Nitrofurantoin,  Nalidixic acid, UTI.