Shakshi Singh* and Asha Sinha
Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi – 221005, India.
Received on 13 May 2016 and accepted on 24 July 2016
ABSTRACT
The incidence of seed-borne mycoflora in sahbhagi rice was screened by Agar plate method and Blotter method. Seed stored in different conditions like Bin and Gunny bag then observation was taken periodically 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 months in each storage condition. Surface sterilization was done by 0.1% mercuric chloride (HgCl2) solution. Both surface sterilized and unsterilized seeds were taken for isolation of fungi. A total number of 16 fungal species including Rhizopus stolonifer, Mucor hiemalis, Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, A. candidus, A. fumigates, Penicillium rubrum, P. citrinum, Alternaria alternata, Drecshlera gramini, Curvularia lunata, Trichoderma harzianum, Microdochium lycopodinum, Fusarium oxysporum, Dark Sterile Mycelium and White Sterile Mycelium were found to be associated with the Sahabhagirice cultivar. Among them the most predominant seed-borne fungi, associated with seed were A. niger (56.67% & 63.33%), A. flavus (53.33% & 56.67%), P. citrinum (50% & 53.33%) and M. lycopodinum (50% & 53.33%) by Agar plate method and A. niger (50% & 56.67%), A. flavus (46.67% & 53.33%), P. citrinum (46.67% & 50%) and M. lycopodinum (46.67% & 50%) by Blotter method in Bin and Gunny Bag storage condition, respectively at the end of storage. Visual examination of seed showed that the maximum increase in the number of abnormal seed was recorded in gunny bag than Bin. Highest percent incidence of seed borne fungi was recorded in Gunny bag storage condition than Bin. In both storage procedures control seed yielded more number of seed-borne fungi as compared to sterilized seed during different storage period.
Keywords :
Rice, seed pathogens, A. niger, A. flavus, P. citrinum, M. lycopodinum.