ISSN: 0973-7510

E-ISSN: 2581-690X

Research Article | Open Access
Naseera Kannanthodi Pariyapurath1, Sarika Baburajan Pillai1, Kavitha Dhandapani2, Rahulgandhi Pachamuthu3, Shivanandhappa Kukkaler Channappa1, Ananda Arona Premkumar1, Maghimaa Mathanmohun4, Pachamuthu Balakrishnan5, Sathish Sankar6 and Selvaraj Jagannathan1
1Department of Microbiology, Pasteur Institute of India, Coonoor, The Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India.
2Department of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Women, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.
3The Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India.
4Department of Pathology, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
5Department of Research, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (MAHER), Deemed to be University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
6Department of Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Article Number: 10133 | © The Author(s). 2025
J Pure Appl Microbiol. 2025;19(3):2271-2291. https://doi.org/10.22207/JPAM.19.3.54
Received: 05 December 2024 | Accepted: 16 June 2025 | Published online: 03 September 2025
Issue online: September 2025
Abstract

Nipah virus (NiV) is an emerging zoonotic pathogen of global concern, causing serious life-threatening illness in humans. The first outbreak was reported from Malaysia in 1998. The virus is classified under the family Paramyxoviridae. Geographically, the deadly virus is known to be distributed in Southeast Asia. Its recent emergence in Kerala, India, indicates its public health emergency and necessitates the urgent proactive measures for the development of a safe and effective vaccine for the prevention and control of the disease. As a single-stranded RNA virus, there is no effective antiviral or vaccine available to fight this virus. Attempt on the development of vaccines had been hampered due to the highly infectious nature of the virus and the requirement of specialised bio-containment facility to handle the pathogen. Considering the potential advantages of reverse vaccinology approaches, the present study attempted to predict vaccine candidates targeting NiV virus genes encoding non-structural and structural proteins (specifically glycoprotein G, glycoprotein F, and W protein) circulating in Southeast Asia. The results of the analysis have suggested two potential vaccine candidates based on various parameters such as antigenicity, immunogenicity, non-toxicity, and non-allergenicity. In view of the global interest on urgent requirement of an effective vaccine, the present study predicted candidate vaccine antigens using bioinformatic tools and their promising usefulness as candidate peptides along with ongoing vaccine discovery efforts has been discussed.

Keywords

Viral Zoonoses, Immunoinformatic, Structural and Non-structural Proteins, Emerging Infection, Reverse Vaccinology

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© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.