This research investigates the synergistic impact of Trichoderma asperellum and biochar in sustainable plant disease management. Through a series of in vitro assays, dual culture techniques, and poison food methods, the investigation reveals that combining T. asperellum with biochar significantly inhibits the growth of Pythium aphanidermatum, achieving up to 85.92% inhibition at optimized concentrations. Additionally, biochar supplementation enhances cellulase enzyme activity and protein production, with the highest levels observed at 3% biochar. The integration of biochar within submerged fermentation systems establishes a microhabitat conducive to microbial enzyme synthesis, boosting ecological efficacy and supporting environmentally friendly disease control. The findings underscore the potential of this approach to reduce reliance on synthetic fungicides, improve agricultural productivity, and foster eco-friendly pest management. Future research should aim to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms, optimize biochar formulations, and conduct field-scale validations to ensure practical applicability across diverse agro-ecosystems.
Biochar, Cellulase Activity, Pythium aphanidermatum, Sustainable Agriculture, Trichoderma asperellum
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