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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en"
    xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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    <front>
        <journal-meta>
            <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0973-7510</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                <journal-title>Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">2581-690X</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>DR. M.N. Khan</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22207/JPAM.16.4.59</article-id>
            <title-group>
                <article-title>Effect of Carbonyl Cyanide M-chlorophenylhydrazone on Ciprofloxacin Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Hospital-acquired Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae</article-title>
            </title-group>
            <contrib-group>
				
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>El-Mahdy</surname>
                        <given-names>Rasha Hassan</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
						<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Mashaly</surname>
                        <given-names>Ghada El-Saeed</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
				
				
				
								            		
            </contrib-group>
			
			
          <aff id="aff-1">Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.</aff>
			 
			 			
			
            <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-11-28">
                <day>28</day>
				<month>11</month>
                <year>2022</year>
            </pub-date>
            <volume>16</volume>
            <issue>4</issue>
            <fpage>2864</fpage>
            <lpage>2873</lpage>
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2022 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
                <copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
                <license license-type="open-access"
                    xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
                    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.<uri 
					xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
                            >https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri></license-p>
                </license>
            </permissions>
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiologyjournal.org/effect-of-carbonyl-cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone-on-ciprofloxacin-resistance-and-biofilm-formation-in-hospital-acquired-uropathogenic-escherichia-coli-and-klebsiella-pneumoniae/"/>
            <abstract>
                <p> Antibiotic resistant and biofilm forming uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae are rising. This study
was conducted to evaluate the efflux pump and plasmid mediated efflux genes in ciprofloxacin (CIP)
resistant hospital acquired uropathogenic Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Also, to assess
the anti-biofilm action of carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP). Uropathogenic E. coli and
K. pneumoniae isolates were collected from Mansoura University Hospitals in Mansoura, Egypt. The
effect of Sub- minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CCCP on CIP MIC was evaluated and the MIC
decrease factor (MDF) was calculated. The presence of oqxAB and qepA genes was detected by PCR. The
effect CCCP on biofilm was detected in strong biofilm formers. 56 and 47 CIP-resistant uropathogenic
E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates respectively were detected. Significant MDF by CCCP was observed
in 55.3% of these isolates. The qepA gene was only present in E. coli. However, oqxAB genes were
found only in K. pneumoniae. Biofilm formation was detected in 58.9% and 72.3% of CIP-resistant
E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, respectively. Biofilm formation was significantly decreased by
CCCP. According to these findings, CIP resistance and plasmid-mediated efflux pumps in uropathogenic
E. coli and K. pneumoniae are of rising concern. Efflux pump inhibitor CCCP represents a possible option
to decrease the biofilm formation in these resistant urinary pathogens.</p>
		</abstract>
		<kwd-group>
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Ciprofloxacin Resistance</kwd>
        <kwd>Biofilm</kwd>
		<kwd>CCCP</kwd>
		<kwd>Efflux Pump</kwd>
       
			</kwd-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    </article>
