<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.0 20120330//EN" "http://jats.nlm.nih.gov/publishing/1.0/JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<!--<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="article.xsl"?>-->
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en"
    xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <front>
        <journal-meta>
            <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0973-7510</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                <journal-title>Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">2581-690X</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>DR. M.N. Khan</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22207/JPAM.16.2.16</article-id>
            <title-group>
                <article-title>First Report of Physico-Chemical Agents of Viable But Non Culturable (Vbnc) forms of Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</article-title>
            </title-group>
            <contrib-group>
				
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Faridi</surname>
                        <given-names>Neha</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                </contrib>
				
						<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Samuel</surname>
                        <given-names>Merwyn</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
				
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Bhatt</surname>
                        <given-names>Shalini</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Agarwal</surname>
                        <given-names>Ankur</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
				
				
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Pande</surname>
                        <given-names>Veena</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
				
				
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Bala</surname>
                        <given-names>Madhu</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
								            		
            </contrib-group>
			
			
          <aff id="aff-1">Defence Institute of Bio-Energy Research (DIBER), DRDO, P.O Arjunpur, Haldwani – 263 139, Uttarakhand, India.</aff>
			 <aff id="aff-2">Department of Biotechnology, Bhimtal, Kumaun University, Nainital – 263 001, Uttarakhand, India.</aff>
			 			
			
            <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-04-30">
                <day>30</day>
				<month>04</month>
                <year>2022</year>
            </pub-date>
            <volume>16</volume>
            <issue>2</issue>
            <fpage>943</fpage>
            <lpage>949</lpage>
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2022 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
                <copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
                <license license-type="open-access"
                    xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
                    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.<uri 
					xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
                            >https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri></license-p>
                </license>
            </permissions>
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiologyjournal.org/first-report-of-physico-chemical-agents-of-viable-but-non-culturable-vbnc-forms-of-ralstonia-pseudosolanacearum/"/>
            <abstract>
                <p> The germicidal efficacy of various physico-chemical agents against culturable bacterial cells and bacterial spores is well studied and reviewed; except for the dormant Viable But Non Culturable state (VBNCs). VBNC is a special physiological state, where the bacterium is not culturable in culture media, but remains alive, infective and virulent. The aim of this study is to evaluate the germicidal efficacy of three physico-chemical agents against the VBNC forms of destructive phytopathogen Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum. Effect of thermotherapy Formalin and Sodium Hypochlorite on these forms was evaluated using standard plate count and reverse culturability tests. The disinfectants were found equally effective against the culturable cells and VBNC forms at recommended concentrations.</p>
		</abstract>
		<kwd-group>
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>VBNC</kwd>
        <kwd>Stress</kwd>
		<kwd>Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum</kwd>
		<kwd>Bacterial wilt</kwd>
       
			</kwd-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    </article>
