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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en"
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    <front>
        <journal-meta>
            <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0973-7510</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                <journal-title>Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">2581-690X</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>DR. M.N. Khan</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22207/JPAM.16.1.63</article-id>
            <title-group>
                <article-title>Isolation and Identification of Biofilm-Producing, Drug-Resistant Coagulase Negative Staphylococci from a Hospital Environment in Northern Philippines</article-title>
            </title-group>
            <contrib-group>
				
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Espiritu</surname>
                        <given-names>Allan Jay C.</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
					 <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                </contrib>
				
						<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Villanueva</surname>
                        <given-names>Sharon Yvette Angelina M.</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
				
				
				
								            		
            </contrib-group>
			
			
          <aff id="aff-1">Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Natural Sciences, Saint Louis University, Bonifacio St, Baguio City 2600, Philippines.</aff>
			 <aff id="aff-2">College of Public Health, University of the Philippines, 625 Pedro Gil St, Ermita, Manila, 1000 Metro Manila, Philippines.</aff>
			 			
			
            <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-02-25">
                <day>25</day>
				<month>02</month>
                <year>2022</year>
            </pub-date>
            <volume>16</volume>
            <issue>1</issue>
            <fpage>620</fpage>
            <lpage>629</lpage>
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2022 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
                <copyright-year>2022</copyright-year>
                <license license-type="open-access"
                    xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
                    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.<uri 
					xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
                            >https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri></license-p>
                </license>
            </permissions>
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiologyjournal.org/isolation-and-identification-of-biofilm-producing-drug-resistant-coagulase-negative-staphylococci-from-a-hospital-environment-in-northern-philippines/"/>
            <abstract>
                <p>Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) are considered adverse outcomes of confinement in a healthcare facility. Biofilm-producing, drug-resistant bacteria have further aggravated the problem with HCAIs. This study determined the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility, and biofilm phenotype of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) isolated from a hospital environment in Northern Philippines. The identification of CoNS species and the determination of antibiotic susceptibility were done using an automated assay. Biofilm production was detected using tissue culture plate (TCP) and Congo red agar (CRA) methods. Out of 220 surfaces and 26 air samples collected, 103 (41.9%) CoNS strains were isolated, predominated by S. epidermidis with 30.1% prevalence. The medical ward was found to have the highest prevalence of CoNS at 64%. The CoNS isolates exhibited a variable resistance profile; the highest was found against penicillin (97.1%) and oxacillin (54.3%). Isolates manifesting resistance to linezolid and vancomycin were also detected. From the 103 CoNS isolates, 52 (50.5%) biofilm producers were detected using the TCP method, and 39 (37.9%) were detected by the CRA method. Statistically significant difference was found between the biofilm biomass and the slime-producing pattern. This study revealed the prevalence of biofilm-producing, drug-resistant strains of CoNS in a Level 3 hospital in Northern Philippines. This warrants further enhancement of infection prevention and control programs to avert the emergence of more biofilm-producing, drug-resistant bacterial strains that could pose formidable threats to public health. </p>
		</abstract>
		<kwd-group>
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Healthcare-associated infection</kwd>
        <kwd>tissue culture plate method</kwd>
		<kwd>Congo red agar method</kwd>
		
			</kwd-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    </article>
