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    <front>
        <journal-meta>
            <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0973-7510</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                <journal-title>Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">2581-690X</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>DR. M.N. Khan</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22207/JPAM.15.1.07</article-id>
            <title-group>
                <article-title>Improved Protocol for Continuous Culture of Plasmodium falciparum Reference Strains</article-title>
            </title-group>
            <contrib-group>
				
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Dominique</surname>
                        <given-names>Tano Konan</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
					
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Jeanne</surname>
                        <given-names>Koffi Akissi</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
					
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Tresor</surname>
                        <given-names>Dablé Marius</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
					
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Dieudonné</surname>
                        <given-names>Silué Kigbafori</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
                </contrib>
				
					
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Karim</surname>
                        <given-names>Tuo</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
					
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Cynthia</surname>
                        <given-names>Nkoua Badzi</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
					<xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
					
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Marc Alexis</surname>
                        <given-names>Bénié Edjronké</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
					
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Issa</surname>
                        <given-names>Yéo</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
					
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Ignace Hervé</surname>
                        <given-names>Menan Eby</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
                </contrib>
				
				
					
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>William</surname>
                        <given-names>Yavo</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
									
						
								            		
            </contrib-group>
			
			
          <aff id="aff-1">Malaria Research and Control Centre (CRLP), National Institute of Public Health of Côte d’Ivoire (INSP-CI),Côte d’Ivoire.</aff>
			 <aff id="aff-2">Chemosensitivity Laboratory, Swiss Center for Scientific Research (CSRS) in Côte d’Ivoire, Côte d’Ivoire.</aff>
			 <aff id="aff-3">Laboratory of Zoology and Animal Biology, UFR Biosciences, University Félix Houphouët-Boigny (UFHB) of Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire.</aff>
			 <aff id="aff-4">Parasitology Unit, Pasteur Institute of Côte d’Ivoire, Côte d’Ivoire.</aff>
			 <aff id="aff-5">Laboratory of Plant Chemistry and Life, Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville (UMNB), Congo-Brazzaville.</aff>
			 <aff id="aff-6">Laboratory of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences – UMNB, Congo-Brazzaville.</aff>
			 <aff id="aff-7">Center for Diagnosis and Research on AIDS and other infectious diseases (CeDReS), Abidjan – Côte d’Ivoire.</aff>
			 
			
			
			
            <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2021-02-01">
                <day>01</day>
				<month>02</month>
				<year>2021</year>
            </pub-date>
            <volume>15</volume>
            <issue>1</issue>
            <fpage>123</fpage>
            <lpage>129</lpage>
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2021 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
                <copyright-year>2021</copyright-year>
                <license license-type="open-access"
                    xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
                    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.<uri 
					xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
                            >https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri></license-p>
                </license>
            </permissions>
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiologyjournal.org/improved-protocol-for-continuous-culture-of-plasmodium-falciparum-reference-strains"/>
            <abstract>
                <p>Parasitic biobank of Plasmodium falciparum is almost germinal in Côte d’Ivoire. However, several high-level research topics on this parasite involve the taking into account of nature isolates but also chemo-sensitive or resistant reference strains for a better validation of results. In addition, acquisition of these reference strains is still arduous for laboratories in developing countries due to complexity of administrative procedures. For those reasons, this study aimed in to combine several procedures into a consolidated one in order to enhance the multiplication of P. falciparum reference strains. Continuous culture of plasmodial strains was based on the Trager and Jensen procedures. The CELL culture protocols used are those of the Swiss TPH described by Sergio Wittlin; the “Growing Plasmodium falciparum cultures at high parasitemia” and the “Stockholm sorbitol method” of Methods in Malaria Research-6th edition 2013; and the INV-01 and INV-02 procedures of the Worldwide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN). Reference Plasmodium falciparum strains NF54 sensitive to chloroquine (CQs) and K1 resistant to chloroquine (CQr) were received from the Swiss Tropical Institute and Public Health (Swiss TPH). The CQs NF54 strain reacted more quickly to the protocol unlike the CQr K1 strain. Parasitic densities (DP) obtained with NF54 strain were ranged from 0.4% at day zero (D0) to 11.4% at day eight (D8). Strain K1 finally adapted successfully after one month of follow-up. Related DPs ranged from less than 0.1% to more than 20% in just three growth cycles after adaptation. A joint protocol (from this work) called “CRLP-SwissTPH-Pasteur_001” is available and allows to efficiently multiply reference strains NF54 and K1. It is planned to spread out the tests to other plasmodial strains as well as to wild isolates in order to standardize this procedure.
</p>
		</abstract>
		<kwd-group>
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Plasmodium falciparum</kwd>
        <kwd>Reference strain</kwd>
		<kwd>Parasitic biobank</kwd>
		<kwd>In vitro CELL culture</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    </article>
