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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.0" xml:lang="en"
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    <front>
        <journal-meta>
            <journal-id journal-id-type="issn">0973-7510</journal-id>
            <journal-title-group>
                <journal-title>Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology</journal-title>
            </journal-title-group>
            <issn pub-type="epub">2581-690X</issn>
            <publisher>
                <publisher-name>DR. M.N. Khan</publisher-name>
            </publisher>
        </journal-meta>
        <article-meta>
            <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22207/JPAM.14.3.28</article-id>
            <title-group>
                <article-title>Battling Biofilm Forming Nosocomial Pathogens Using Chitosan and Pluronic F127 </article-title>
            </title-group>
            <contrib-group>
				
				
				<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>Eid</surname>
                        <given-names>Doaa</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
                </contrib>
								
				
						<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>M. Sayed</surname>
                        <given-names>Ossama</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
                </contrib>
				
						<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>G. Hozayen</surname>
                        <given-names>Walaa</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
                </contrib>
				
						<contrib contrib-type="author">
                    <name>
                        <surname>F. Azmy</surname>
                        <given-names>Ahmed</given-names>
                    </name>
                    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
                </contrib>
						
								            		
            </contrib-group>
			
			
          <aff id="aff-1">Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Egypt</aff>
			<aff id="aff-2">Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt</aff>
			<aff id="aff-3">Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt</aff>
			<aff id="aff-4">Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, 62511, Beni-Suef, Egypt</aff>
			
			
            <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2020-09-22">
                <day>22</day>
				<month>09</month>
				<year>2020</year>
            </pub-date>
            <volume>14</volume>
            <issue>3</issue>
            <fpage>1893</fpage>
            <lpage>1903</lpage>
            <permissions>
                <copyright-statement>Copyright &#x00A9; 2020 The Author(s)</copyright-statement>
                <copyright-year>2020</copyright-year>
                <license license-type="open-access"
                    xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
                    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License which permits unrestricted use, sharing, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.<uri 
					xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
                            >https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</uri></license-p>
                </license>
            </permissions>
            <self-uri xlink:href="https://microbiologyjournal.org/battling-biofilm-forming-nosocomial-pathogens-using-chitosan-and-pluronic-f127"/>
            <abstract>
                <p>Biofilm represents a potential strut in bacterial treatment failure. It has a dual action; it affords microbial resistance against antibiotics and facilitate transmission of pathogenic bacteria. Nosocomial bacteria pose a serious problem in healthcare units; it prolongs patient hospital stay and increases the mortality rates beside other awful economical effect. This study was planned for targeting nosocomial bacterial biofilm using natural and biologically safe compounds like Chitosan and/or Pluronic F127. Ninety-five isolates were recovered from 107 nosocomial clinical samples. Different bacterial and fungal species were detected, from which Klebsiella pneumonia (23%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19%), Acinetobacter baumannii (18%) and E.coli (17%) were the predominate organisms. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumanni and Klebsiella pneumonia were the abundant antibiotic resistant strains with multi-resistance pattern of 72%, 65% and 59%, respectively. A significant percentage of these isolates were strong biofilm forming. Herein, we investigate the effect of Chitosan and Pluronic F127 alone and in combination with each other against biofilm production. Chitosan show variable degree of biofilm inhibition, while Pluronic F127 was able to retard biofilm formation by 80% to 90% in most strain. There is no significant difference (P  0.05) between Pluronic F127 alone and its effect in combination with Chitosan. 
</p>
		</abstract>
		<kwd-group>
        <title>Keywords</title>
        <kwd>Nosocomial infection</kwd>
        <kwd>Biofilm</kwd>
		<kwd>Chitosan</kwd>
		<kwd>Pluronic F127</kwd>
			</kwd-group>
        </article-meta>
    </front>
    </article>
