Nutritive Value, Polyphenol Constituents and Prevention of Pathogenic Microorganism by Different Resin Extract of Commiphora myrrh

The resin extract of Commiphora myrrh is Widely used in the folk medicine. The studying myrrh resin extract include moisture. minerals such as (Ca, Fe, Mg, Na, Cu and Zn), protein, total fat and crude fiber. In this study used Muffle furnace, Kjeldahl methods Soxlet and atomic absorption. HPLC using to evaluating Polyphenol constituents of myrrh different resin extract (ethanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and chloroform) as Conc. (μg / g) and in all extract (ethanol, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether and chloroform) it contained Chlorogenic acid, gallic acid Catechin, Coffeic acid, caffeine, Syringic acid, Coumaric acid, Ferulic acid, Naringenin, 4`.7-Dihydroxyisoflavone, Cinnamic, Propyl Gallate Vanillin, Querectin and Acid Ellagic acid in different concentration percentage and area The effect of Commiphora myrrh (ethanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether and chloroform) resin extract against four different pathogenic bacteria Salmonella typhimurium, Pseudomona aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Bacillus cereus, were examine by Mueller Hinton Agar and measuring inhibition zone (diameter mm), show that there were significant different among bacteria and different method of extract. All different Commiphora myrrh seed extract (aqueous, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether) have high activity against Candida albicans fungus. The study was conducted to identified the Commiphora myrrh nutritive value, polyphenol Compound and the activity against bacteria and fungi.


Moisture content
Oven used for determination of moisture content 22 .

Ash content
Muffle furnace used for determination of ash% 23 .

Determination of total fat
A Sox let extractor used for determination of fat 23 .

Determination of crude fiber
Determination according to the method described by Official methods of analysis of the association of analytical Chemists 23 .

Determination of protein as total nitrogen
T h e K j e l d a h l m e t h o d u s e d fo r determination of protein 23 .

Determination of minerals
Atomic absorption spectrophotometry used for determination of the minerals 23 .

Determination of total carbohydrate
According to the method described by Official methods of analysis of the association of analytical Chemists 23 .

Preparation of plants extracts
100 g, of resin plant were weighed, and subjected to different extraction solvents separately extracted with ethanol 80% at 60°C for 2h in a Sox let apparatus ethyl acetate 80% at 50°C -60°C for 2 h, petroleum ether 80% at 60°C for 2h Chloroform 80% at 50°C-60°C for 2 h. The all solvents extract were evaporated by a Buchi Rotary evaporator under reduced pressure, also the resin plant was extracted by distilled water over night at room temperature (25-30°C) filtered and dried 24 .

Mueller Hinton Agar
MHA (Mueller Hinton Agar) (Becton Dicknson M. D USA), media was prepared according to the manufacturer's instruction. Sterile Mueller Hinton agar plates were inoculated with the test culture by surface spreading using sterile wire loops and each bacterium evenly spread on the entire surface of the plate to obtain uniformity of the inoculum. Concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100mg/ml prepared from the seed different extract (aqueous, ethyl acetate and petroleum ether) agar were used for antibacterial analysis. Petri dishes prepared by agar and allow to solidify. Each plate was then seeded with a test bacterium. Four holes were made in each of the plate with a sterile 2.0 mm diameter cork borers. Each of the four holes was filled with a given concentration of the extract mixed with plane sterile agar. The plates were then incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. The diameters of zones of inhibition were measured using a meter rule and the mean value for each organism was recorded 25 .

Preparation of fungal organism
The fungal is culture as fallow at temperature 25°C for 4 days put in Peptone water, sterile normal saline used for the harvested growth mat of fungal, washed and suspended stored in refrigerator till used 26 .

Statistical analysis
It was done according to Duncan, Multiple Range Test1 27 .  (26,28). Fig. 1 and Table 3. show the 17 Polyphenol constituents of Commiphora myrrh ethanol resin extract according to concentration and area, Querectin gave the highest concentration (54.31Conc. (µg / ml = µg / 20 mg) while Pyro catechol and Ellagic acid gave (0.00%) Table 4. and figure 2 show the Commiphora myrrh resin  Table 6. and figure 4 show the Commiphora myrrh resin extracted by Chloroform contained 13 Polyphenol constituents the higher one is Querectin (182.45 Conc. (µg / ml = µg / 15 mg) while the lower one is Gallic acid (0.00 Conc. (µg / ml = µg / 15 mg) In all extract show that the Querectin have high concentration, many studies reported the presence of phenolic compounds prevent body against oxidation, cancer and inflammation [28][29][30] . The antibacterial activity of the Commiphora myrrh by different method (ethanol, ethyl acetate, petroleum ether) seed extract against four different pathogenic organisms Escherichia coli, Pseudomona aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium and Bacillus cereus and one fungus Candida albicans (the lowest concentration of the Commiphora myrrh seed extract is (12.5 mg/ml) and the highest one is (100 mg/ml) there were differences effect among bacteria, Table 7 shows the inhibition zone (in mm) for different concentrations of Commiphora myrrh ethanol resin extract, the highest inhibition zone was detected against Bacillus cereus (13.75) and have the lowest one is Pseudomona aeruginosa (12.25). Table 8 show that the Commiphora myrrh resin extracted by ethyl acetate, the high inhibited zone against Escherichia coli (15.25), while the lower one against Bacillus cereus (11.75). Table 9 show that the Commiphora myrrh resin extracted by petroleum ether , the high inhibited zone against Escherichia coli (12.75) and the lower inhibition zone against Salmonella typhimurium (10.75). Table 10 show the inhibition zone (in mm) for different concentrations of Commiphora myrrh chloroform extract the high inhibited zone against Escherichia coli (12.50) and the lower inhibition zone against Salmonella typhimurium (31,32,33,34). All different Commiphora myrrh resin extract (ethanol, ethyl acetate petroleum ether and chloroform) have the high activity against Candida albicans fungus these results agree with those who obtained that their in

CONCLuSION
The Commiphora myrrh contain polyphenol compound had potent antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activity in all different leaf extract.